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| Struggle for the Vote: New York Women |
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Timeline |
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1647 Margaret Brent, a landowner in Maryland, was the first woman, in the U.S., to demand the right to vote. She requested two votes in the assembly, one for herself and one for her friend, Cecile Calvert. The governor denied her request, so she boycotted the assembly. 1776 New Jersey Constitution granted the vote to all residents who were "worth" 50 pounds and lived in the voting area for at least one year, so as long as a woman meant these qualifications they were permitted to vote, for a time. 1776 Abigail Adams asked her husband, John Adams, to remember the women while writing the Constitution of the United States of America. (His reply- "all men are created equal") 1820-1880 A variety of printed sources showed that Americans, in general, clung to stereotypical notions about men and women’s roles in society. These ideas have become known as the "Cult of Domesticity." 1821 The Troy Female Seminary, in N.Y., established by Emma Hart Willard, became the first endowed school for girls. 1833 Oberlin College became the first co-ed school in the U.S. and Lucretia Mott became the first president of the first Female Anti-Slavery Society in Philadelphia. 1836 Sarah Grimke began giving speeches on abolition and women’s rights. (Men who believed her speaking was a problem would eventually silence her.) 1837 Mount Holyoke, the first exclusively women’s university in the U.S., was founded by Mary Lyons. 1839 Mississippi passed the first Married Woman’s Property Act. 1840 Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton attended the World’s Anti-Slavery Convention in London. The treatment they received there prompts them take up the cause of women’s rights. 1844 The Lowell Female Labor Reform Association, compiled of female textile workers in Massachusetts, demanded a 10-hour workday. This organization became the first permanent labor association for working women in the U.S. top July 19 & 20, 1848 First Women’s Right Convention is held in Seneca Falls, NY. Participants signed the "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions". 1850 Amelia Jenks Bloomer started the Dress Reform Movement. 1851 Sojourner Truth gave her "Ain’t I A Woman" speech. May 23, 1852 Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton start Women’s N.Y. Temperance Society. 1853-1855 Paulina Wright Davis publishes one of the first women’s rights periodicals, The Una. 1861-1865 The Civil War disrupts suffrage activities because women divert their energies towards war efforts. The War, however, acted as a training ground for women to gain organizational and occupational skills that would help them in their fight for rights. 1866 Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton formed the American Equal Rights Association. January 8, 1868Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton publish women’s newspaper, The Revolution. May 1869 Women’s Rights Movement splits over disagreement on the 14th Amendment, which was passed on July 28, 1868. November 9, 1869 Wyoming is the first Territory to grant unlimited suffrage to women. November 5, 1872 Susan B. Anthony was arrested for trying to vote in the Presidential Election. 1874 WCTU (Women’s Christian Temperance Union) was formed. This group was founded by Annie Wittennyer and helped with the suffrage movement. 1875 In Minor vs. Harpersett Congress ruled that citizenship did not include suffrage rights. 1876-1879 top Belva Ann Lockwood, a lawyer, was denied the right to practice before the Supreme Court. She spent the next 3 years pushing for legislation that allows women to practice before the Court to be passed. In 1879 she was the first woman to practice before the Court. 1878 Women’s Suffrage Amendment was introduced to the U.S. Congress. (The wording in the 1919 version is the same as this one.) 1893 Colorado became the first state to pass an amendment to enfranchise women. Early 20th Century Educated middle class women began to question the reasons for being denied the vote, when immigrant men, many of whom were poor and illiterate, could vote. 1903 Mary Drier, Rheta Childe-Dorr, and L. O’Reilly formed the Women’s Trade Union League of New York. 1910 By this year, women could vote in Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Washington. 1910 404,000 women petitioned congress to grant them voting rights. 1911 The National Association Opposed to Women’s Suffrage is organized. The members include some of the most wealthy women, clergymen, supporters of urban political machines, Southern congressmen, and corporate capitalists. 1912 Theodore Roosevelt’s Bull Moose Party became the first to adopt the Women’s Suffrage platform. 1913 Alice Paul and Lucy Burns organized the Congressional Union (or the National Women’s Party). 1914 The National Federation of Women’s Clubs formally endorsed the suffrage campaign. (They were made up of 2 million women, white and of color.) 1916 top Carrie Chapman Catt unveiled her plan for victory, while at the convention in Atlantic City, NJ. Her plan required the coordination of the activities conducted by many suffrage workers, from both the state and local associations. 1916 Jeanette Rankin, of Montana, became the first American woman elected to represent her state in the House of Representatives. 1917 Women in N.Y. State won the right to vote. 1918-20 WWI slowed down the campaign because suffragists put activism aside in order to help with the war effort. This further helped prove that woman deserved the right to vote. May-June 1919 The 19th Amendment passed both the House and the Senate. August 26, 1920 The 19th Amendment was officially ratified. 1920-1921 NAWSA ceased to exist and became part of the League of Women Voters. 1923 The National Women’s Party proposed the Equal Rights Amendment. |
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Struggle for the Vote: New York Women |
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